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Int J Med Sci 2024; 21(5):874-881. doi:10.7150/ijms.93178 This issue Cite

Research Paper

Hidradenitis suppurativa as a potential risk factor of periodontitis: a multi-center, propensity-score-matched cohort study

Shuo-Yan Gau^1,2,3*, Yu-Chen Guo¹, Hsin-Yo Lu¹, Chen-Yu Lin¹, Chien-Ying Lee^4,5, Ru-Yin Tsai^6,7, Hui-Chin Chang^1,8,9, Meng-Che Wu^1,10,11,12*, Chen‐Pi Li^13✉

1. School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
2. Department of Medical Education, Kaohsiung Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
3. Orthopedics Department, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
4. Department of Pharmacy, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
5. Department of Pharmacology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
6. Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
7. Department of Medical Education, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
8. Evidence-based Medicine Center, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
9. Library, Chung Shan Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
10. Division of Gastroenterology, Children's Medical Center, Taichung Veterans General Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan.
11. Department of Post-Baccalaureate Medicine, College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung, Taiwan.
12. Pediatric Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA, USA.
13. Department of Nursing & Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taiwan
*Meng-Che Wu and Shuo-Yan Gau contributed equally and equally shared the first authorship.

✉ Corresponding author: Chen-Pi Li, MS, Department of Nursing & Tungs' Taichung MetroHarbor Hospital, Taiwan. No. 699, Section 8, Taiwan Boulevard, Wuqi District, Taichung City 43503 Taiwan. Email: g971107com.tw.

Abstract

Background: Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin disease associated with systemic symptoms. Periodontitis, a prevalent dental disease, shares immune-mediated inflammatory characteristics with HS. This cohort study aims to evaluate the association between HS and periodontitis.

Methods: Using the TriNetX research network, a global-federated database of electronic health records, we conducted a retrospective cohort study. People being diagnosed of HS were identified and propensity score matching was performed to identify proper control group, via balancing critical covariates Within the follow-up time of 1 year, 3 year and 5 years, hazard ratios were calculated to assess the risk of periodontitis in HS patients compared to controls.

Results: Within the 53,968 HS patients and the same number of matched controls, the HS patients exhibited a significantly increased risk of developing periodontitis compared to controls after 3 years of follow-up (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.44) and 5 years of follow-up (HR: 1.64, 95% CI: 1.21, 2.24) of follow-up. Sensitivity analyses supported these findings under various matching models and washout periods. While comparing with patients with psoriasis, the association between HS and periodontitis remained significant (HR: 1.73, 95% CI: 1.23, 2.44).

Conclusion: The observed increased risk suggests the need for heightened awareness and potential interdisciplinary care for individuals with HS to address periodontal health.

Keywords: hidradenitis suppurativa, periodontitis, cohort, epidemiology, electronic medical records

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