A one-year follow-up study on dynamic changes of leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies of patients with COVID-19 in Sichuan, China

Xu, Renjie; Zhao, Bennan; Lan, Lijuan; Liu, Yaling; Li, Yalun; Jiang, Liangshuang; Dai, Shuiping

doi:10.7150/ijms.71286

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Int J Med Sci 2022; 19(7):1122-1130. doi:10.7150/ijms.71286 This issue Cite

Research Paper

A one-year follow-up study on dynamic changes of leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies of patients with COVID-19 in Sichuan, China

Renjie Xu^1#, Bennan Zhao^2#, Lijuan Lan², Yaling Liu², Yalun Li³, Liangshuang Jiang^2✉, Shuiping Dai^4✉

1. Institute of Respiratory Health, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
2. Department of Comprehensive Internal Medicine, the Public and Health Clinical Center of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
3. Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
4. Center of Gerontology and Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.
#These authors have contributed equally to this work and share first authorship.

Citation:

Xu R, Zhao B, Lan L, Liu Y, Li Y, Jiang L, Dai S. A one-year follow-up study on dynamic changes of leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies of patients with COVID-19 in Sichuan, China. Int J Med Sci 2022; 19(7):1122-1130. doi:10.7150/ijms.71286. https://www.medsci.org/v19p1122.htm

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Abstract

Background: SARS-CoV-2 infection causes immune response and produces protective antibodies, and these changes may persist after patients discharged from hospital.

Methods: This study conducted a one-year follow-up study on patients with COVID-19 to observe the dynamic changes of circulating leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies.

Results: A total of 66 patients with COVID-19 and 213 healthy patients with inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination were included. The virus-specific total antibody, IgG and IgM antibody of patients after one year of recovery were higher than those of healthy vaccinated participants (94.13 vs 4.65, 2.67 vs 0.44, 0.09 vs 0.06, respectively) (P < 0.001). Neutrophil count (OR = 1.73, 95% CI: 1.10-2.70, P = 0.016) and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (OR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-2.41, P = 0.030) at discharge were the influencing factors for the positivity of virus-specific IgG antibody in patients after one year of recovery. The counts of CD4+ and CD8+ T, B and NK cells increased with the time of recovery, and remained basically stable from 9 to 12 months after discharge. After 12 months, the positivity of IgG antibody was 85.3% and IgM was 11.8%, while the virus-specific antibody changed dynamically in patients within one year after discharge.

Conclusions: The SARS-CoV-2 specific antibody of recovered patients showed dynamic fluctuation after discharge, while the leukocyte subsets gradually increased and basically stabilized after 9 months.

Keywords: SARS-CoV-2, Virus-specific antibody, Leukocyte subsets, Follow-up, Vaccine

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APA

Xu, R., Zhao, B., Lan, L., Liu, Y., Li, Y., Jiang, L., Dai, S. (2022). A one-year follow-up study on dynamic changes of leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies of patients with COVID-19 in Sichuan, China. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 19(7), 1122-1130. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.71286.

ACS

Xu, R.; Zhao, B.; Lan, L.; Liu, Y.; Li, Y.; Jiang, L.; Dai, S. A one-year follow-up study on dynamic changes of leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies of patients with COVID-19 in Sichuan, China. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2022, 19 (7), 1122-1130. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.71286.

NLM

CSE

Xu R, Zhao B, Lan L, Liu Y, Li Y, Jiang L, Dai S. 2022. A one-year follow-up study on dynamic changes of leukocyte subsets and virus-specific antibodies of patients with COVID-19 in Sichuan, China. Int J Med Sci. 19(7):1122-1130.

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