Int J Med Sci 2017; 14(12):1203-1212. doi:10.7150/ijms.20962 This issue Cite

Research Paper

GLP-1 Treatment Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Alleviating Autophagy through GLP-1R-ERK1/2-HDAC6 Signaling Pathway

Xiangsheng Cai1, 2, 3*, Jingjing Li1*, Mingzhu Wang1, Miaoqin She1, Yongming Tang4, Jinlong Li1, Hongwei Li1✉, Hongxiang Hui1, 2, 3, 4✉

1. School of Biotechnology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;
2. International Center for Metabolic Diseases, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China;
3. Dongguan SMU Metabolic Medicine R&D Inc., Dongguan, Guangdong Province 523000, China;
4. UCLA Center for Excellence in Pancreatic Disease, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA.
* These authors contributed equally to this work.

Citation:
Cai X, Li J, Wang M, She M, Tang Y, Li J, Li H, Hui H. GLP-1 Treatment Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Alleviating Autophagy through GLP-1R-ERK1/2-HDAC6 Signaling Pathway. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14(12):1203-1212. doi:10.7150/ijms.20962. https://www.medsci.org/v14p1203.htm
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Abstract

Objective: Apoptosis and autophagy of retinal cells, which may be induced by oxidative stress, are tightly associated with the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). The autophagy induced by oxidative stress is considered as excessively stimulated autophagy, which accelerates the progression of DR. This study aims to investigate the protective effect of GLP-1 treatment on alleviating apoptosis and autophagy of retinal cells in type 2 diabetic rats and reveals its possible mechanism.

Methods: Type 2 diabetic rats were induced by fed with high sugar, high fat diet and followed with streptozotocin injection. GLP-1 was applied to treat the diabetic rats for one week after the onset of diabetes. The expressions of oxidative stress-related enzymes, retinal GLP-1R, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis- related genes, autophagy markers, and autophagy-associated pathway genes were studied by Western blotting or immunohistochemistry analysis.

Results: GLP-1treatment reduced the levels of NOX3 and SOD2 in DR. The expression of BCL2 was increased, while the levels of caspase3 and LC3B were reduced through GLP-1 treatment in DR. GLP-1 treatment restored the GLP-1R expression and decreased the levels of phosphorylated AKT and phosphorylated ERK1/2, which was accompanied with the reduction of the HDAC6 levels in DR.

Conclusions: GLP-1 treatment can alleviate autophagy which may be induced by oxidative stress; this protective effect is likely through GLP-1R-ERK1/2-HDAC6 signaling pathway.

Keywords: retinopathy, GLP-1, oxidative stress, autophagy, HDAC6.


Citation styles

APA
Cai, X., Li, J., Wang, M., She, M., Tang, Y., Li, J., Li, H., Hui, H. (2017). GLP-1 Treatment Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Alleviating Autophagy through GLP-1R-ERK1/2-HDAC6 Signaling Pathway. International Journal of Medical Sciences, 14(12), 1203-1212. https://doi.org/10.7150/ijms.20962.

ACS
Cai, X.; Li, J.; Wang, M.; She, M.; Tang, Y.; Li, J.; Li, H.; Hui, H. GLP-1 Treatment Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Alleviating Autophagy through GLP-1R-ERK1/2-HDAC6 Signaling Pathway. Int. J. Med. Sci. 2017, 14 (12), 1203-1212. DOI: 10.7150/ijms.20962.

NLM
Cai X, Li J, Wang M, She M, Tang Y, Li J, Li H, Hui H. GLP-1 Treatment Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Alleviating Autophagy through GLP-1R-ERK1/2-HDAC6 Signaling Pathway. Int J Med Sci 2017; 14(12):1203-1212. doi:10.7150/ijms.20962. https://www.medsci.org/v14p1203.htm

CSE
Cai X, Li J, Wang M, She M, Tang Y, Li J, Li H, Hui H. 2017. GLP-1 Treatment Improves Diabetic Retinopathy by Alleviating Autophagy through GLP-1R-ERK1/2-HDAC6 Signaling Pathway. Int J Med Sci. 14(12):1203-1212.

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